Here is a collection of hydrocarbon-based solvents—some common, some obscure.
Organic solvents can range from something as ubiquitous as rubbing alcohol (diluted isopropyl alcohol), through the common hydrocarbons like kerosene, acetone or hexane.
Organic solvents are generally used to dissolve other organic compounds. A mechanic will use a solvent like “Stoddard Solvent” (mineral spirits) to degrease automotive parts, or a shooting enthusiast will use a mixture of kerosene and mineral oil to clean his gun. Acetone is used to dissolve polyester and epoxy resins.